THE GOVERNMENT STATEMENT
ON
THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY
BEFORE
THE PLENARY SESSION OF
THE REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES COUNCIL OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
ON 22ND AUGUST 2008
STATE SECRETARIAT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
PROVISIONAL TRANSLATION
PROVISIONAL TRANSLATION
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,
Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,
Greetings to all of us,
Honorable Speaker, Deputy Speakers, and Members of the Regional Representatives Council,
Esteemed Chairperson, Deputy Chairpersons, and Members of the State Institutions,
Excellencies Ambassadors and Heads of Representatives of International Agencies and Organizations,
Governors, Regents, Mayors, and Speakers of the Regional Representatives Council of the Provinces, Regencies, and Municipalities,
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
Let us offer together our praise and gratitude to Allah SWT, Almighty God, for His blessings and grace that enable us to attend the Plenary Session of the Regional Representatives Council of the Republic of Indonesia of the Year 2008. I would like to take this auspicious, and Insya Allah, God willing, full of blessings, occasion to thank the Council, which has provided me with the opportunity to deliver the Government Statement on the direction and policy of national and regional development, and other national matters that are important to all of us.
In this auspicious occasion, still in the wake of commemorating the 63rd Anniversary of the Proclamation of Independence of our Country, I once again invite all Honorable Members of the Council, as well as the entire people of Indonesia wherever they may be, to show our respect and honor to our successors and national fighters and continue their struggle. Let us continue their struggle through our work and dedication to our beloved nation and country.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
A nation’s history if full of dynamics, ebb and tide, joy and sorrow. Especially, in the era of transformation that our country has recently experienced, there has always been a tug-of-war amongst various interests, various powers, sometimes even amongst various ideologies and paradigms. There are always positive and negative energies within this tug-of-war. Let us expand our positive energy so that we may create all that is good. And substitute all that is unseemly. Throughout the history of mankind, there has never been a nation which became prominent because of the power of negative energy. On the other hand, a prominent nation is a nation which can develop its positive energy more than its negative energy.
Today, we should all be grateful for the blessings that is bestowed upon the Indonesian nation by Allah SWT. Apart from various challenges that come and go, apart from this difficult international situation, the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia becomes stronger and more solid. Our democracy becomes more estabished and deeply rooted. Reformasi has stepped further ahead. Our national politics is more stable and very dynamic. The Indonesian economy is growing excellently. Our international role is becoming more prominent. Our national self-confidence is stronger and Insya Allah the future of Indonesia becomes brighter!
All this has been achieved through our hard work. All this is the achievement of “gotong-royongâ€, of mutual-help, sharing the burden together, whether it be light or heavy. Indeed, it cannot be denied that the key of the Indonesian development as a nation lies in the regions. It is in the regions that we feel the heartbeat of the entire Indonesian nation. And it is in the regions that the potential wealth of Indonesia is buried which requires creative hands to manage it.
We often use the term Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, Unity in Diversity, in a political, social, and cultural context. What I wish to emphasize here today is that Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, Unity in Diversity, also applies as an economic concept. Indonesia can only be superior if there is dynamism in the regions. Indonesia’s success is a reflection of its regional success. Currently, we often see an interesting international phenomena, namely the emergence of local economies in various countries which is growing rapidly such as in Europe, China, India, and America. From those various phenomena, we can infer that the important factors behind economic growth are not merely international cooperation, but also the execution of regional cooperation.
Therefore, I appeal to all regional leaders to adeptly identify any signs for future changes; to be able to adeptly utilize various opportunities in local, national, and international economy. Rest assured, in the 21st century, the capacity of a nation, a society, an economy to launch rapidly is larger than that in previous centuries. Therefore, we should be proud of witnessing the rise of many brilliant regional leaders, not only in the regional government sector, but also in private sectors, civil society, academic world, media, non-governmental organization, etc. Let us extend our most sincere appreciation to these progressive leaders with the hope that they will enhance the life and well-being of the people in the regions.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
We ought to be grateful, that over the last 4 years, the relations between state institutions and the government has indicated a relation which is close, harmonious, and complimentary to each other. In this auspicious occasion, I would especially like to extend my highest appreciation to the Regional Representatives Council that has submitted opinions and suggestions on bills, products of supervision result, as well as decisions related to the State Budget. Furthermore, I am of the opinion thatthe Regional Representatives Council has bridged the region’s aspiration with its numerous problems with the government, both at the central as well as regional levels. I hope this constructive role will continue and I hope the Ministers and Governors will give a constructive response as well. I appreciate the Regional Representatives Council’s idea which has twice organized the Indonesian Regional Investment Forum (IRIF). The forum has enabled many regions to promote their potentials, while simultaneously attracting investment to their respective regions.
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
There is one prominent fundamental political development that took place in our country over the past few years, a development which is often neglected by all of us. What I am implying to is our democratic transformation into local democracy with strong roots in the society. Since 1 June 2005 until 20 August 2008, we have held 414 Regional Head Elections (Pilkada), whether it be the election of a Governor or Regent/Mayor. This is, furthermore, a continous process.
By the end of 2008, all Governors, Regents and Mayors throughout Indonesia will be directly elected by their own constituents in their regions. This will automatically change the Indonesian political map, and transform the dynamics of national politics into a more accountable and democratic direction. This is a fundamental historical achievement in our life as a nation. Moreover, what is important to note, is that we have successfully implemented it in an effective, efficient, peaceful, and orderly manner without creating notable turmoils. It only natural that we should be grateful for this, as at present, in various parts of the world, many political and social crisis occure caused by the democratic transition which has not gone smoothly.
In relation thereto, in order to ensure a democratic life of high quality, must continue to develop a democracy that is based on ethics and conforms with the preavailing rules. Without ethics, the political competition will not develop properly, undermine the foundations of the state and nation.
The mechanism of improving the regional heads election (Pilkada) continues to be implemented, including an overall evaluation of various shortcomings that have occured during regional heads election (Pilkada) in the previous years. This is extremely important in the framework to prepare for the upcoming general elections in 2009. The elections for the regional heads and the national general elections are expected to mutually support one another in the efforts to consolidate democracy in our home-land.
We all welcome the participation of independent candidates during the regional process of democracy since 2008. This is an important milestone for the expansion of the society’s political participation, simultaneously also as a challenge for the political parties to groom quality candidates to compete with the independent candidates. We hope that the expansion of political participation will, in the end, improve the quality of leadership at the regional level. However, even though we are all very enthusiastic in welcoming the upcoming general elections next year, I invite all State administrators to accord priority on their State administrative duties. This is a manifestation of the government’s ethics that we must highly uphold, in order to ensure the smooth operation of public service and other interests of the people will all be met.
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished ladies and gentlemen,
Decentralization and regional autonomy is the other facet of reformasi. Decentralization delegates partial authority of the State to levels of regional government. The outcome in this reformasi era is that no longer is there a single branch of power or a single layer of government that controls power and authority in a monolithic or centralistic manner. With decentralization and regional autonomy, partial authority has been delegated to the regions, both at the provincial level as well as at the regency and municipality levels. This delegation of partial authority also incorporates the delegation of partial regional finance and revenues. Apart from administrative decentralization, we also carry out fiscal decentralization, so that the State’s financial resources may also benefit the people in the regions in a more just and equitable manner. In fact, we have also implemented political decentralization so that people in the region may manage their own governmental affairs and democratically elect their regional leader. The responsibility to manage this authority and finances will therefore be for the maximum benefit of the people and not for the maximum benefit of the regional government officials.
All this time, there have been so many government programs that have received a wide response from the general public, both in the form of letters as well as short messages. Since June 2005 until today, I have received more than 2.5 million short messages, and 29 thousand letters through PO Box 9949, Jakarta 10000. These letters and short messages generally contain support, criticism, requests or complaints or suggestions for improvement regarding Government programs, both at the central and regional levels. This information has become an invaluable feedback for the government in implementing the pro-people programs. However, I have often read short messages and letters which indicate that many people still do not comprehend various government policies and programs such as PNPM, BOS, Jamkesmas, KUR, BLT, etc. .
In the meantime, often enough during every visit to the regions, I receive many questions, requests, and even complaints, particularly regarding the basic infrastructure badly required by the people. My impression of these conveyed issues are that they have much to do with the authority and responsibility of the regional government to solve them. I truly hope that the regional authorities will provide further explanation to the people, according to their individual mandates, so that the people may understand which issues are within the jurisdiction of the central government, provincial government or the regency/municipal government.
This is important so that the people in the regions understand and comprehend the authority and mandate of the central government, the provincial government, and the regency and municipal government level, including by means of wrongly addresses demonstrations.I have instructed all relevant government levels to continue socializing and seriously implementing Government Regulation Number 38 of 2007 regarding the Division of Government Affairs between the Government, Provincial Governments and Regency/Municipal Governments.
In reality, the central government stands always ready to assist the regional governments in implementing their authority and responsibility, both in the planning, implementation, financing or supervision phase. However, the regional government still remains in the frontline in executing its authority and responsibility. I need to underline the word ‘responsibility’ because the authority to manage finances is inseparable from responsibility. The greater the financial authority, the greater also the responsibility.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In the ten years of the reformasi era, the expansion and establishment of new regional autonomies continue to take place. Since 1999 until today, 191 new regional autonomies have been established consisting of 7 provinces, 153 regencies and 31 municipalities. Thus, the current number of regional autonomies amount to 510 regional autonomies, consisting of 33 provinces, 386 regencies and 91 municipalities.
I believe, that the Honorable Members of this Regional Council and the audience here agree that the rapid addition of new regional autonomies must soon be evaluated. Because the expansion of regions should be based on the spirit of enhancing the effectiveness of the regional government, as well as improving the well-being and public services. On the other hand, regional expansion with no clear purpose and lack of good management will cause the people to suffer and create a financial burden to the State. We must also ensure that all regional autonomies function properly in accordance with the people’s expectations. We must also ensure that the regional authority, the regional potential, and the regional finances are truly well managed by professional regional officials.
This evaluation will provide an opportunity for us to carry out consolidation efforts toward the new regional autonomies, including the expanded regional hubs, in terms of government administration, bureaucratic capacity, and regional financial management. Based on the Government Regulation Number 6 of 2008 regarding the Evaluation Guidelines of Regional Government Management, this evaluation is affected to find out the abilities of the new regional autonomies in providing public service to the people. This evaluation is also conducted as a basis to consider the decision to dissolve or merge the regions, if the necessity arises.
As a measure to enhance regional expansion policies, the Government has enacted Government Regulation Number 78 of 2007 regarding the Procedures of Forming, Dissolving, and Merging of Regions. By virtue of this Government Regulation, the policy to expand regions may be conducted in a more selective and prudent manner. We must be more conscientious and wise in responding to various ideas and demands for new regional expansion. The demands for regional expansion which are not urgent, and do not fulfill the requirements, and do not provide actual benefit for the people should be categorically rejected.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In line with the growing regional responsibility and authority, we also witness the increasing allocation of the State Budget to the regions. The transfer of State Budget Funds to the regions have increased more than two folds, from Rp 129.7 trillion in 2004 to Rp 292.4 trillion in the 2008 Revised State Budget. The government also still funds programs and activities that are the authority of the regions through de-concentrated funds, activities support funds, and funds for the implementation of vertical institutional activities. Moreover, a very large allocation of funds is also allocated to assist the less fortunate people and for poverty alleviation program. In total, the entire budget allocation for the regions, whether for transfers or through the Central Government Budget, reached 65 % of the total expenditure of the 2008 State Budget.
The amount of fund from the State Budget allocated to the regions indicates our commitment in implementing decentralization and autonomy in a consistent and responsible manner. The budget should, indeed, follow its functions and reponsibilities. The more authority is delegated to the regions, the larger the decentralized budget is. Therefore, I need to remind you and emphasize that the region now becomes the spearhead of development. The region is foremost in the frontline for the enhancement of the people’s welfare. The larger the fund allocated to the region, the more competent and responsible the region should be in managing it well and transparently for the people’s prosperity and welfare.
We must ensure that the increase in budget is not followed by increasing in deviation, mismanagement, not least of all corruption in the regions. I wish to reemphasize that there is no tolerance for the crime of corruption, both at the Central Government as well as Regional Governments. The State and Regional Budget belong to the people and should be utilized as best for the interest and welfare of the people. A proverb states: “an elephant dies leaving its tusks, a leopard dies leaving its spots†(a deceased person should leave a good reputation). Let us implement the mandate and responsibilities we shoulder to the best of our abilities so as to leave a good reputation. Our reputation shall be remembered by the people, long after we resign.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
The Central Government continuously makes the effort to improve the investment climate by simplifying regulations and reorganizing the bureuacracy. It would be superb if similar efforts are taken in the regions. Regional leaders must remove investment barriers in order to accelerate economic growth and create job opportunities. Hence, policies on investment improvement can truly be implemented in synergy and will support one another.
Improvement of the invesment climate is also supported by continuous supervision on various regional regulations that causes high-cost economy in provinces/regencies/municipalities. Various regional regulations and bills on regional tax levy have been evaluated. Some of them have been annuled, while others have been recommended for amendment. I extend my appreciation to the initiatives taken by the regional governments that simplify the processing of business licenses in regions by establishing integrated license service offices. The establishment of such one-roof service offices in various regions reflects the increasing awareness of the regional government on the importance of improving investment climate.
We wish to avoid the notion that regional governments hamper business people through various regional tax levies and administrative policies that impede businesses in the regions. Such regions must emulate other regions that have succeeded in creating a conducive investment climate in their regions. Furthermore, inter-region cooperation can be established to strengthen the regional investment climate. If the entire budget and resources can be synergized between the central and regional governments as well as between regional governments, then Insya Allah, God willing, we will be able to achieve poverty alleviation and unemployment reduction sooner.
I welcome efforts taken by the people, including the media, who have listed regions by their levels of investment-climate friendliness. In this way, the regions can compete to improve the investment climate in their respective regions. The people can refer to the list as a standard of accountability of their regional government in comparison to other regions. Regional governments that have succeeded in increasing investment in its regions, opening new job opportunities, and reducing unemployment and poverty are entitled to earn appreciation from us all.
I also very much appreciate various innovations implemented by the regions in creating best practices in providing prime services and enhancing government quality. Some regions have implemented e-government into their government and public services, thus enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, and at the same time government transparency. This is the essence of good governance which is the characteristic of a modern government. Good governance must also become the characteristic of regional autonomy in Indonesia.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In implementing policies on enhancing people’s welfare and infrastucture development, regional governments must be able to employ strategies of budget utilization for correct objectives and uses. Increasing budget allocation for the regions is not intended to be used for consumptive requirements and to serve the interests of regional government administrators, but should be implemented in a consistent program to reduce poverty.
We should be grateful that our per capita income is increasing annually. In 2004, our per capita income reached US$ 1,186; but in 2007 it reached US$ 1,946, or an increase of 64% within three years. This figure for per capita income is higher than that achieved before the 1998 economic crisis.
Meanwhile, Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2007 reached Rp 3,957 trillion. With such a GDP, Indonesia is included in the list of 20 countries with the highest GDP. We have been freed from crisis, yet there are still many challenges that we have to deal with. These achievements encourage us to step forward toward a glorious future.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
Alhamdulillah, thank be to God, our food security is strong. This year, our national rice production is estimated to surpass our national rice consumption. However, this self-sufficiency in rice will only persist provided that we continuously increase the national rice production. This means that rice production in every region must increase significantly as well. Therefore, the government continously encourages and facilitates the availability of seed, fertilizer as well as improving and developing agricultural infrastructures in the regions. That is why during each visit to the region, I always ask for explanations from the governors, regents, and mayors regarding the progress and problems of their respective regions, expecially those related to food production, specifically rice.
However, the sufficient amount of food supply at a national level is only one of the factors which influence the food price. Maintaining the flow of goods distributions, including food, is also very important in maintaining price stability. The government has seriously made efforts to ensure the supply of basic goods and its price stability. This government effort must be supported by the regional government by maintaining the flow of goods and eliminating additional costs for its distribution. I invite the regional governments to improve the distribution and flow of goods, and to anticipate the price increase of goods by means of increasing the supply of basic goods in accordance with its season. Every region has to abandon their ego in managing the distribution and production of basic goods for the people. The barriers to flow of goods between regions must be removed, as it will trigger the price hike of basic goods and lead to a high inflation rate.
Regional governments are also obliged to provide basic service for the people, particularly in education, health and public facilities in accordance with the minimum standard of service. The education budget is annually increased. Furthermore, in the 2009 budget projection the government is determined to meet the 20 % allocation of the State Budget for education. The increase of educational budget, should be realized in the form of more improved and accessible quality and access to education, particularly in the elementary and intermediate level.
History shows that great nations are nations which are able to develop their human resources. Human development through education and health is one of the key elements to achieve those objectives. Nevertheless, I believe that budget is not everything. There are many other elements that contribute to this success.
In this opportunity, I would like to convey my highest appreciation to regions, whether provinces or regencies/municipalities, that have allocated additional fund for School Operational Assistance (BOS), so that students are exempted from all kinds of charges. I expect all regional government also follow the measures of the central government in meeting the constitutional mandate by allocating a minimum 20 % of their budget for education.
So far we could only dream that in every elementary, junior and senior high schools there are computers available for all the students and teachers. With the current increased budget, this is no longer just a dream. Insya Allah, God willing, gradually this can become a reality. In fact, if possible, those computers are inclusive of internet access, so our children and teachers are able to get direct access to information and knowledge which progress rapidly. In line with the program to accelerate the provision of additional 10,000 megawatts electricity, one of the main priorities for power networks in schools.
Likewise, the budget for health and basic infrastructure is continuously improved to provide better quality service and access to the people. Particularly in the health sector, the government prioritizes basic health service in remote regions by increasing and strengthening Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) and Integrated Service Units (Posyandu), as well as providing incentives to doctors and paramedics assigned in those areas.
Meanwhile, for basic infrastructure the government develops structures and infrastructures in the coastal areas, hinterlands and remote islands. One of these basic infrastructures that strengthen the national unity and integrity, while at the same time supporting the enhancement of economic activities, is the telecommunication infrastructure. In this august sitting, I would like to convey the good news, that all provinces, regencies and municipalities, and all capital cities of sub-districts all over the country, are now accessible by wireless telecommunication network. This condition is far better compared to conditions in 2004, in which case telecommunication was only able to reach 62 % of the capitals of sub-districts across the country. To secure this telecommunication accessibility, for the first time in the history of Indonesian telecommunication, the government since 1 April 2008 has lowered the tariff of cellular communication, both for phone conversation or short message service, starting from 20 up to 50 %. Furthermore, commencing July 2008, the tariff for internet service has been reduced by 8 to 20 %. The government will continously develop similar pro-people technology.
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
As I have previously stated, the increasing budget decentralization to the regions will only succeed if the fiscal gap between center and region as well as between regional governments closes. The quality of public service and regional government management should also improve. With our budget decentralization, we have to maintain fiscal continuity and synchronization of national and regional economic policy. The government shall continue to put things in order and enhance the quality of decentralized budget management to the regions.
The pattern of transferring the budget to the region is continuously improved since 2008 to overcome bureaucratic inefficiency, accelerate budget transfer, and enhance the accountability of the transferred budget to the region. Furthermore, the Government continues to encourage regional government to speed up the implementation time of the Regional Regulation on Regional Budget. The timely enactment of the Regional Budget will influence the acceleration of the regional expenditure realization and the effectiveness of Regional Budget towards achieving development objectives. To achieve that, the Regional Budget should continue to be better in quality through the implementation of budgeting based on performance and sustainability, in the framework of mid-term development. Likewise, the Regional Budget must also be accounted for through accountable reporting.
The reform of budget management in the region is in line with the fundamental reform in the State Budget management. The regional officials should not hesitate and be afraid to utilize its Regional Budget funds, provided that it is used according to the prevailing norms and regulations. The enforcement of law and regulations in the management of the State Budget should not be interpreted as an effort and should not be carried out to look for misdeeds. However, law enforcement discipline and State Budget management must relentlessly be enhanced. Until the present, many regions still do not optimize yet the spending of its Regional Budget. We can note this from the substantial amount of outstanding budget in 2007 reaching over Rp 45 trillion. This clearly reduces the effectiveness of Regional Budget in the effort to alleviate poverty and intensify regional development.
I sincerely hope that the Honorable Members of the Regional Council can provide input to the regional governments while, at the same time, bridge the gap between the Central and Regional governments. Thus, management of authority and regional finance can truly operate well and be in synergy with the policies of the Central government pursuant to the regulations in force, and in line with the interest of the people whom the Honorable Members of the Regional Council represent. Whatever the circumstances, every Member of the Regional Council represents the people in the region who have directly vested them the mandate to voice their interest.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
One of the yardsticks of the successful implementation of the regional economic development is the regional economic growth. In 2008, until the second Quarter, the national year on year economic growth has reached 6.4 %, with 12 provinces enjoying an economic growth above the national level. Several provinces with an economic growth of over 8.5 % are the provinces of Riau Islands, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. This is an achievement that deserves our appreciation, and I hope it will be sustained.
With regards to equitable distribution, during the last four years, the effort has produced quite a satisfactory progress. In 2002, the equitable distribution index reached 0.72. In 2007, this figure dropped to 0.56. The declining index indicates that the development of inter-province economic activities has become more balanced. Regions in the Island of Java have the most equitably distributed economic activities, followed by regions in the Sulawesi Island. It becomes our collective responsibility, either at the Central or Regional level, to continuously sustain the national development synergy, so as to create a growingly fair and equitably distributed economic condition.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In order to sustain the fiscal decentralization program, the Government plans to allocate fund transfer to the regions in 2009 amounting to Rp 303.9 trillion or an increase by Rp 174.2 trillion from 2004, or a jump by 134.3 %. This budget is set aside in the form of Shared Fund (DBH)* amounting to Rp 89.9 trillion or an increase by 144.9 % from 2004, General Allocated Fund (DAU)* of Rp 183.4 trillion or an increase by 123.3 % from 2004, and the Special Allocation Fund (DAK)* of Rp 22.3 trillion or an increase by more than four and a half times from 2004. The total amount of all these funds will be greatly beneficial for the regions as a fiscal stimulus for the regional economy. The success of a region to materialize the people’s well-being will be largely depend on the policies of the respective regions and its synergy with the various Government policies.
In the meantime, Special Autonomy Fund for Aceh, Papua and West Papua is envisaged at Rp 8.3 trillion, which means an increase by 4 times from 2004. I hope that the Special Autonomy Fund could be optimally used to liberate them from their less-developed situation in the provision of health services, education and infrastructure. Nevertheless, I also ask that a more effective supervision is exercised in the disbursement of this Special Autonomy Fund.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
The main policies of the fund transfer to the regions in 2009 are as follow. The General Allocation Fund is planned to be 26 % of the net domestic income, and which already takes into account the subsidies for fuel oil, electricity and fertilizer, as a manifestation of sharing the pain between the Government and the Region. In addition, the Government also allocates additional shared fund from crude oil and natural gas receipt of 0.5%, which is earmarked to raise the basic education budget in the regions, as a continuous commitment to ameliorate the quality of Indonesia’s human resources. More than that, for the first time in the history of the relations between center-region, the Government also allocates shared fund from tobacco excise of 2 %, from tobacco excise receipts, to tobacco-excise producing regions.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
With regard to equitable development, I have always serve a reminder that the choice of our development is growth with equity. What does growth and high per-capita income mean, if the equitable distribution and gaps are bad. This is the reason, therefore, we have allocated the fiscal policy to sustain growth-oriented program (pro-growth), creation of employment opportunities (pro-job) and poverty alleviation (pro-poor). For this purpose, therefore, the budget of poverty alleviation has gone up sharply from Rp 23 trillion in 2005 to Rp 66.2 trillion in 2009, or an increase by almost triple.
As I mentioned in my State Address last 15 August, the Government has adopted three clusters in the poverty alleviation policy, whether in terms of “fishâ€,†fishing rod†or “boatâ€. According to the newest report by the Central Statistics Bureau (BPS), the works on poverty alleviation has recorded a very significant drop, especially in the rural areas outside Java. In line with this, the focus of poverty alleviation activities in 2008 and 2009 will be sharpened not only on the rural but also urban areas, including in Java.
In the execution of all these pro-people policies, the role of the regional government is very important. All of these programs are basicly in congruence with the efforts to stimulate rural development, because they directly touch the lowest layers of the rural areas all over the country. It is only natural and is incumbent upon the regional government to participate in securing its successful completion.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In conformity with the mandate of Law No. 33 of 2004, as a continuation in 2008, next year the Government is going to adopt an allocation policy of General Allocation Fund (DAU) on the basis of a pure formula. The implication of this policy is when several regions are endowed with far higher fiscal potentials than their needs, most probably they will receive a smaller amount of DAU compared to the previous year. We must continue to be disciplined in the use of the DAU instrument, as a means to improve the equitable distribution between the rich and poor regions. It is precisely with this kind of discipline that we can preserve the Country’s unity and materialize inter-regional equity.
The Special Allocation Fund is aimed at helping to finance the people’s basic services means and infrastructures requirements. In 2009, the Special Allocation Fund shall be prioritized, among other things, first, to sustain the development acceleration of means and infrastructures in the coastal areas and small islands, areas sharing land borders with other countries, less-developed/isolated areas, flood-prone and landslide-prone areas; and second to spur the creation of employment opportunities, to reduce the number of poor inhabitants, and to stimulate economic growth in the regions. Furthermore, there will be two additional areas, namely rural means and infrastructures area and trade area. I have instructed to the rank and file of the central and regional governments to allocate and manage the DAK that is appropriately targeted to development activities and to areas whose welfare level is truly lagging behind. The numerous discoveries on the misappropriation of the DAK must serve as the basis for continued effort to put the house in order.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
On this auspicious occasion, I would like to underline again the need for the region’s concern and sensibility in view of the fluctuating global oil and food price, as well as the global economic slump. Undoubtedly, this shall cause a significant impact on the State Budget and, consequently, on the Regional Budget through the DAU allocation as well as the Shared Fund Allocation. For regions that produce natural resources, primarily oil, I ask them to build its capacity and continue to have the ability to anticipate the changes of their Regional Budget, due to the rise or fall of the Shared Fund in line with the movements of global oil price.
We must take a positive view of the developments of the global economy. We must look at the global economic crisis as an opportunity. Certainly we have to work hard and work smart to transform crisis into opportunity. We are fortunate to be blessed with abundant resources. The challenge remains, however, of how can be combine natural resources with the human resources that are dispersed in all regions, to become a force that creates the nation’s competitive edge. The regional government plays an extremely vital role in answering the challenge of global energy and food crisis. I sincerely hope all the rank and file of regional leaders continues to improve on their policies to transform challenges into concrete opportunities for the people’s enhanced well-being.
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
From the outset, the Government is fully aware of the development disparity in our country, wherein there are areas that are still relatively lagging behind compared to other regions. This lag impacts on the people’s low productivity level and higher instance of poverty. Hence, the acceleration of development in the regions that are lagging behind is basically an effort to alleviate poverty.
The National RPJM and the National Strategy for the Acceleration of Development in Less-Developed Regions, stipulate that there are 199 Regencies categorized as less-developed. This category is determined on the basis of the people’s economic condition, human resources, infrastructures, local financial potentials and local accessibility and characteristics. These areas cover 179 non-border regencies and 20 border regencies. Some 62 % of them are located in the Eastern part of Indonesia, 29 % in Sumatra and 9 % in Java and Bali. Currently, there are 28 less-developed regencies liberated from the less-developed status. Other 30 regencies, whose conditions continue to improve and hopefully have the potentials to be upgraded from its less-developed position to advanced regencies in 2009.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
During my administration, great attention has always been accorded to regional taxation. The wider responsibility vested on the regions must be followed by their ability to meet the public high expectations for increasingly satisfactory services. In order to reinforce the regional power in funding its expenditures and, at the same time, to raise the regional accountability, there must be a greater taxing power of the regions.
Measures for the reinforcement of the taxing power have been proposed by the Government to the House of Representatives in the Bill on Regional Taxation and Levies as an improvement on Law Number 34 of 2000 on Regional Taxation and Levies. The revision of regional tax law, shall also accommodate a wider interest, namely the effort of saving the use of subsidized energy by way of reformulating the regional taxation and levies. Currently, the deliberations on the Law on Regional Taxation and Levies have entered the final stages. I entertain the hope that the deliberations by the House of Representatives and the enactment of the relevant law could be accomplished within this year.
In addition, to ensure fairness and equitable distribution of regional revenues of personal income tax, including foreigner’s tax, I have instructed the relevant minister to see to it that the registration of personal income tax is accurately in conformity with the place of work, inclusive the tax administration. This is aimed at increasing fair Regional Original Revenue (PAD).
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
With regard to PAD, we highly appreciate the doggedness of the Regional Heads to raise their PAD. However, the notion emerged, in fact, even complains, that this has been carried out excessively that resulted in the inert investment and business activities. Is is true ? What shall be the best option for this ?
Actually PAD is the indicator of a region’s progress, and it goes without saying that such an economic progress contributes to the Government effort to build the region. But just like having a golden-egg-laying hen, it is the egg that is being used and not slaughtering the chicken. Thus, the increased PAD and regional economic developments continue to go hand-in-hand.
Since the start of the fiscal decentralization in 2001, until the enactment of Law Number 33 of 2004, a number of improvements have continuously been made, We must still improve on the direction of the fiscal decentralization policy in the future, in the form of a Grand design that will serve as a common guidance of the long-term fiscal decentralization policy. This Grand design is very important in anticipation of Indonesia’s future challenges as a nation, including the role of the regions in generating faster national economic growth and to ameliorate the people’s comprehensive and sustainable well-being.
In the formulation of this Grand design, the Government sets out the vision and clear and measured goals and targets of Indonesia’s development through the efficient allocation of national resources. This constructive, transparent and accountable financial relations between the center and the regions must be reordered. Thus, the horizontal and vertical financial gap of the government budget can be minimized and the levying of regional tax can be efficiently applied. The reordering is also important to reach the minimal national service standard and eliminate the duplication of central and regional expenditures.
Fellow Countrymen,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
In my State Address on 15 August before the DPR, I have presented about the progress of our nation that has made us proud and it stimulate our spirit for Indonesia’s glorious future. The numerous progresses were achieved not only attributed to the central government’s role, but also due to the role of the regional government, private sector, NGO, community leaders and all other components of the society. In this august forum, I would like to convey my highest appreciation to the governors, regents/mayors, district heads, including sub-district and village heads, as well as the speakers and members of the DPD, who have seriously worked very hard, spent their time and energy to improve the people’s well-being. Many of them have even carried out the people’s mandate beyond the call of duty. As head of state and government, I sincerely extend my heartfelt thanks. Insya Allah, all of this shall be compensated by Almighty God as good deeds.
I felt such a great happiness when visiting the regions and saw the various development programs that have proceeded well, especially when they are funded by the Regional Budget (APBD). Whether it is the construction of school building with its librabry and laboratory facilities, or basic infrastructures or numerous other pro-people programs. On every visit to the regions, I have always asked for the reports by the governors, regents and mayors on the seven points that have been prioritized by the government, namely : poverty alleviation, unemployment reduction, educational quality, health, basic infrastructures, public services and corruption eradication. I hope that what you have reported to me should also be reported to the people in your respective regions, because it the people that have elected you directly.
Honorable Speaker, Deputy Speakers, and Members of the Regional Representatives Council,
In connection with the growing discourse of the amendment to the Constitution, as I have presented in my government statement last year, that any idea to amend the Constitution that we embrace, must be presented to a wider public arena, before being processed through the mechanism prescribed by our constitution. In this respect, indeed, there has been ideas that as far as the amendment to the Constitution is concerned, it entirely the full authority of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR). However, there are also some other views that say the amendment to the Constitution is the right of every citizen to take it into their consideration. Similarly,although the making and amendment of laws are the authority of the government together with DPR, it not taboo for anyone to deliberate on and discuss it. What is important, however, should this ends up with an amendment, the process and mechanism must still go through the MPR, as mandated by our Constitution.
During the last one year, in my capacity as Head of State, I have received a number of substantive inputs has been submitted from various sources on the idea to amend the Constitution, including and, mainly, on the reinforcement of the DPD position in our civic system. These inputs also cover the need to establish commissions or committees to oversee comprehensively our civic system. I have consulted with various quarters, including the Presidential Advisory Council (Wantimpres) and the National Legal Commission (KHN) on these numerous inputs. This is our collective homework that must be studied wisely. In my opinion, these miscellaneous views and inputs must be heeded to and studied by the MPR, and in due time, can be responded accordingly.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
As far as democracy and decentralization issues are concerned, we are already on the right path. All we have to do is to carry them out properly. I would like to appeal to all of the nation’s components to become the unifying forces of the nation. We have to heighten our spirit, determination and cohesiveness in building our nation and state towards a better direction, including the creation of an appropriate regional autonomy, which is people-oriented and reinforces us as a nation.
Let us prove it together that regional autonomy, in tandem with fiscal decentralization, will enrich our solidarity and sense of nationalism. Regional autonomy must heighten our respect towards Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. The primodialism and regional traits must not jeopardize the national unity and cohesion. On the contrary, regional autonomy must also encourage the promotion of cultural values, social solidarity, familial spirit, local initiative and the love for the homeland. These are the basic assets of our nation and state, our national identity, our characteristics as we embark on the era of globalization.
In this connection, as one of the manifestations of respect towards cultural values, tradition and history of Yogyakarta, the Government has submitted a proposal, by way of the Presidential Address of 15 August 2008, to DPR-RI the Bill on The Specialty of Yogyakarta Special Region, to be deliberated upon on the first available opportunity. This Bill includes the arrangements of the DIY government order, which is based on the three basic principles, namely regional specialty, democratic values and the norm of a unitary state, that is the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
Allow me to conclude this Government Statement, by upholding our noble cultural tradition, through the two following poems :
Sailing our boat to the Verandah of Mecca,
Making a brief stop to weave silk in Bangka
Joining hands to develop our regions in unity,
Unifying the nation to build our beloved country.
Setting sail from Mamuju to Madura and the Moluccas,
Plying the vast waters of ocean ahead of us,
Go forward our regions, make progress our country,
People prospering in regions for Indonesia’s glory.
May Allah SWT bestow us with His continued blessings and wise guidance in our efforts to build our beloved nation and country.
Thank you.
Wassalamu’alikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Jakarta, 22 August 2008
PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
DR. H. SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO